Trace a claim to its original source.
The pattern that separates a citation chain (secondary quoting secondary) from an actual finding, and tells you which one you have.
You've seen a statistic quoted in a dozen places. Everyone cites everyone else. You want to know whether there's an actual paper, dataset, or measurement at the origin — or whether it's turtles all the way down. This prompt does the chain-walk.
THE PROMPT
Trace this claim back to its original source: [CLAIM]. Use web search. Walk the citation chain: find where the claim is currently cited, then where that source cited it from, and so on until you hit either (a) a primary source (a paper, dataset, measurement, or direct observation) or (b) a dead end (secondary quoting secondary with no primary). Return: **Current usage** 2-3 recent, high-authority places that cite this claim, with dates. **Citation chain** The actual chain, dated: "Source X (2024) cites Source Y (2019) cites Source Z (2003)". Each hop with its URL. **Origin** Either (a) the primary source with its actual finding — quote the specific sentence, and note the sample size / method / limitations, or (b) an honest "the chain dead-ends here — the claim as commonly stated does not appear to have a primary source I could find." **Is the claim accurate as commonly stated?** Compare the original finding to how the claim is currently used. Flag any drift (numbers rounded, conditions dropped, subjects generalized). Do not fabricate a source. If you can't find the origin, say so. Claim: [PASTE CLAIM HERE]
**Current usage**
- Harvard Business Review, "The productivity myth" (June 2026): "Only 12% of remote workers report better focus."
- Fast Company, "Return to office debate" (May 2026): "Studies show only 12% of remote workers actually focus better at home."
**Citation chain**
- HBR (2026) cites McKinsey report "Future of Work" (2023) → https://mckinsey.com/...
- McKinsey (2023) cites Gallup polling data (2021) → https://gallup.com/...
- Gallup (2021) presents primary polling data, n=8,741 US workers.
**Origin**
Gallup 2021 State of the American Workplace, n=8,741, question wording: "Compared to working in an office, do you find it easier, harder, or about the same to focus while working remotely?"
- Easier: 41%
- About the same: 47%
- Harder: 12%
**Accuracy check**
The commonly-repeated "12% report better focus" is wrong. 41% of Gallup respondents reported focusing more easily at home; 12% reported it was harder. The number got inverted somewhere between the McKinsey summary and its later citations. The primary data actually supports the opposite of the commonly-cited claim.